Lens

Polycarbonate (PC)

Impact-resistant, shatterproof, UV protection, some are anti-fog coated

Frame

ABS plastic, TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane)

Flexible, lightweight, durable

Padding

Sponge or foam (often with velvet/fabric)

Comfort, sweat absorption, shock absorption

Strap

Elastic nylon/polyester blend

Adjustable, fits securely around the helmet or head

Extras

Leather trim, metal rivets (in vintage styles)

Aesthetic and sometimes adds durability